Church History - Lesson 12 Part 1 - Rise and Response to Theological Liberalism (1799-1929)

Description:

In this compelling session, we examine one of the most pivotal movements in modern church history—the rise of theological liberalism and the faithful response of orthodox Christianity. Emerging out of Enlightenment thinking and the rise of Higher Criticism, theological liberalism sought to reshape Christianity by replacing the authority of Scripture with the authority of individual experience, reason, and modern culture.

We’ll trace its European roots through figures like Friedrich Schleiermacher, observe its damaging effects on key doctrines like the virgin birth and the resurrection, and see how it contributed to movements such as the Social Gospel and the redefinition of missions. Most importantly, we will explore how faithful leaders like B.B. Warfield and J. Gresham Machen stood firm for the truth, defending the authority and inerrancy of Scripture.

Lesson Goals:

1 - Understand how theological liberalism arose as a compromise with Enlightenment ideals.

2 - Recognize its impact on biblical authority, doctrine, and church mission.

3 - Be equipped to identify and resist modern expressions of theological liberalism in today’s church culture.

4 - Encourage discernment in guarding the faith once delivered to the saints (Jude 1:3).

Why It Matters:

Theological liberalism is not a denominational variant—it is a different religion built on shifting human opinion rather than the solid rock of God's unchanging Word. As we learn from history, we are better prepared to stand firm in a culture increasingly tempted to compromise.